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Colors

A class that defines the color scheme for a theme as well as provides several static methods for manipulating colors.

A Colors object is attached to a ThemeDefinition and can also be accessed through the Style.colors property for the current theme.

Examples:

```python
style = Style()

# dot-notation
style.colors.primary

# get method
style.colors.get('primary')
```

This class is an iterator, so you can iterate over the main
style color labels (primary, secondary, success, info, warning,
danger):

```python
for color_label in style.colors:
    color = style.colors.get(color_label)
    print(color_label, color)
```

If, for some reason, you need to iterate over all theme color
labels, then you can use the `Colors.label_iter` method. This
will include all theme colors.

```python
for color_label in style.colors.label_iter():
    color = Colors.get(color_label)
    print(color_label, color)
```

If you want to adjust the hsv values of an existing color by a
specific percentage (delta), you can use the `Colors.update_hsv`
method, which is static. In the example below, the "value delta"
or `vd` is increased by 15%, which will lighten the color:

```python
Colors.update_hsv("#9954bb", vd=0.15)
```
Source code in src/ttkbootstrap/style.py 
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class Colors:
    """A class that defines the color scheme for a theme as well as
    provides several static methods for manipulating colors.

    A `Colors` object is attached to a `ThemeDefinition` and can also
    be accessed through the `Style.colors` property for the
    current theme.

    Examples:

        ```python
        style = Style()

        # dot-notation
        style.colors.primary

        # get method
        style.colors.get('primary')
        ```

        This class is an iterator, so you can iterate over the main
        style color labels (primary, secondary, success, info, warning,
        danger):

        ```python
        for color_label in style.colors:
            color = style.colors.get(color_label)
            print(color_label, color)
        ```

        If, for some reason, you need to iterate over all theme color
        labels, then you can use the `Colors.label_iter` method. This
        will include all theme colors.

        ```python
        for color_label in style.colors.label_iter():
            color = Colors.get(color_label)
            print(color_label, color)
        ```

        If you want to adjust the hsv values of an existing color by a
        specific percentage (delta), you can use the `Colors.update_hsv`
        method, which is static. In the example below, the "value delta"
        or `vd` is increased by 15%, which will lighten the color:

        ```python
        Colors.update_hsv("#9954bb", vd=0.15)
        ```
    """

    def __init__(
            self,
            primary,
            secondary,
            success,
            info,
            warning,
            danger,
            light,
            dark,
            bg,
            fg,
            selectbg,
            selectfg,
            border,
            inputfg,
            inputbg,
            active,
    ):
        """
        Parameters:

            primary (str):
                The primary theme color; used by default for all widgets.

            secondary (str):
                An accent color; commonly of a `grey` hue.

            success (str):
                An accent color; commonly of a `green` hue.

            info (str):
                An accent color; commonly of a `blue` hue.

            warning (str):
                An accent color; commonly of an `orange` hue.

            danger (str):
                An accent color; commonly of a `red` hue.

            light (str):
                An accent color.

            dark (str):
                An accent color.

            bg (str):
                Background color.

            fg (str):
                Default text color.

            selectfg (str):
                The color of selected text.

            selectbg (str):
                The background color of selected text.

            border (str):
                The color used for widget borders.

            inputfg (str):
                The text color for input widgets.

            inputbg (str):
                The text background color for input widgets.

            active (str):
                An accent color.
        """
        self.primary = primary
        self.secondary = secondary
        self.success = success
        self.info = info
        self.warning = warning
        self.danger = danger
        self.light = light
        self.dark = dark
        self.bg = bg
        self.fg = fg
        self.selectbg = selectbg
        self.selectfg = selectfg
        self.border = border
        self.inputfg = inputfg
        self.inputbg = inputbg
        self.active = active

    @staticmethod
    def make_transparent(alpha, foreground, background='#ffffff'):
        """Simulate color transparency.

        Parameters:

            alpha (float):
                The amount of transparency; a number between 0 and 1.

            foreground (str):
                The foreground color.

            background (str):
                The background color.

        Returns:

            str:
                A hexadecimal color representing the "transparent" 
                version of the foreground color against the background 
                color.
        """
        fg = ImageColor.getrgb(foreground)
        bg = ImageColor.getrgb(background)
        rgb_float = [alpha * c1 + (1 - alpha) * c2 for (c1, c2) in zip(fg, bg)]
        rgb_int = [int(x) for x in rgb_float]
        return '#{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}'.format(*rgb_int)

    @staticmethod
    def rgb_to_hsv(r, g, b):
        """Convert an rgb to hsv color value.

        Parameters:
            r (float):
                red
            g (float):
                green
            b (float):
                blue

        Returns:
            tuple[float, float, float]: The hsv color value.
        """
        return colorsys.rgb_to_hsv(r, g, b)

    def get_luminance(self, color):
        """Calculate the luminance of a color.

        Parameters:
            color (str):
                A hexadecimal color value.
        Returns:
            float:
                The luminance value of the color.
        """
        r, g, b = self.hex_to_rgb(color)

        # Convert RGB to linear RGB
        r = self._get_luminance_value(r)
        g = self._get_luminance_value(g)
        b = self._get_luminance_value(b)

        # Calculate luminance using the WCAG formula
        return 0.2126 * r + 0.7152 * g + 0.0722 * b

    def _get_luminance_value(self, value):
        if value <= 0.03928:
            return value / 12.92
        else:
            return ((value + 0.055) / 1.055) ** 2.4

    def get_contrast_ration(self, lum1, lum2):
        """Calculate the contrast ratio between two luminance values.

        Parameters:
            lum1 (float):
                The first luminance value.
            lum2 (float):
                The second luminance value.

        Returns:
            float:
                The contrast ratio.
        """
        if lum1 > lum2:
            return (lum1 + 0.05) / (lum2 + 0.05)
        else:
            return (lum2 + 0.05) / (lum1 + 0.05)

    def get_foreground(self, color_label):
        """Return the appropriate foreground color for the specified
        color_label.

        Parameters:
            color_label (str):
                A color label corresponding to a class property

        Returns:
            str:
                A hexadecimal color value for the foreground color.

        Raises:
            TypeError: If the color_label is not a valid color property.
        """
        if color_label == LIGHT:
            return self.dark
        elif color_label == DARK:
            return self.light

        if not Style().dynamic_foreground:
            return self.selectfg

        # dynamic foreground selection
        contrast_with_fg = self.get_contrast_ration(
            self.get_luminance(self.get(color_label)), self.get_luminance(self.fg)
        )
        contrast_with_selectfg = self.get_contrast_ration(
            self.get_luminance(self.get(color_label)), self.get_luminance(self.selectfg)
        )

        if contrast_with_fg > contrast_with_selectfg:
            return self.fg
        return self.selectfg

    def get(self, color_label: str):
        """Lookup a color value from the color name

        Parameters:

            color_label (str):
                A color label corresponding to a class propery

        Returns:

            str:
                A hexadecimal color value.
        """
        return self.__dict__.get(color_label)

    def set(self, color_label: str, color_value: str):
        """Set a color property value. This does not update any existing
        widgets. Can also be used to create on-demand color properties
        that can be used in your program after creation.

        Parameters:

            color_label (str):
                The name of the color to be set (key)

            color_value (str):
                A hexadecimal color value
        """
        self.__dict__[color_label] = color_value

    def __iter__(self):
        return iter(
            [
                "primary",
                "secondary",
                "success",
                "info",
                "warning",
                "danger",
                "light",
                "dark",
            ]
        )

    def __repr__(self):
        out = tuple(zip(self.__dict__.keys(), self.__dict__.values()))
        return str(out)

    @staticmethod
    def label_iter():
        """Iterate over all color label properties in the Color class

        Returns:

            iter:
                An iterator for color label names
        """
        return iter(
            [
                "primary",
                "secondary",
                "success",
                "info",
                "warning",
                "danger",
                "light",
                "dark",
                "bg",
                "fg",
                "selectbg",
                "selectfg",
                "border",
                "inputfg",
                "inputbg",
                "active",
            ]
        )

    @staticmethod
    def hex_to_rgb(color: str):
        """Convert hexadecimal color to rgb color value

        Parameters:

            color (str):
                A hexadecimal color value

        Returns:

            tuple[int, int, int]:
                An rgb color value.
        """
        r, g, b = colorutils.color_to_rgb(color)
        return r / 255, g / 255, b / 255

    @staticmethod
    def rgb_to_hex(r: int, g: int, b: int):
        """Convert rgb to hexadecimal color value

        Parameters:

            r (int):
                red

            g (int):
                green

            b (int):
                blue

        Returns:

            str:
                A hexadecimal color value
        """
        r_ = int(r * 255)
        g_ = int(g * 255)
        b_ = int(b * 255)
        return colorutils.color_to_hex((r_, g_, b_))

    @staticmethod
    def update_hsv(color, hd=0, sd=0, vd=0):
        """Modify the hue, saturation, and/or value of a given hex
        color value by specifying the _delta_.

        Parameters:

            color (str):
                A hexadecimal color value to adjust.

            hd (float):
                % change in hue, _hue delta_.

            sd (float):
                % change in saturation, _saturation delta_.

            vd (float):
                % change in value, _value delta_.

        Returns:

            str:
                The resulting hexadecimal color value
        """
        r, g, b = Colors.hex_to_rgb(color)
        h, s, v = colorsys.rgb_to_hsv(r, g, b)

        # hue
        if h * (1 + hd) > 1:
            h = 1
        elif h * (1 + hd) < 0:
            h = 0
        else:
            h *= 1 + hd

        # saturation
        if s * (1 + sd) > 1:
            s = 1
        elif s * (1 + sd) < 0:
            s = 0
        else:
            s *= 1 + sd

        # value
        if v * (1 + vd) > 1:
            v = 0.95
        elif v * (1 + vd) < 0.05:
            v = 0.05
        else:
            v *= 1 + vd

        r, g, b = colorsys.hsv_to_rgb(h, s, v)
        return Colors.rgb_to_hex(r, g, b)

__init__(primary, secondary, success, info, warning, danger, light, dark, bg, fg, selectbg, selectfg, border, inputfg, inputbg, active)

Parameters:

primary (str):
    The primary theme color; used by default for all widgets.

secondary (str):
    An accent color; commonly of a `grey` hue.

success (str):
    An accent color; commonly of a `green` hue.

info (str):
    An accent color; commonly of a `blue` hue.

warning (str):
    An accent color; commonly of an `orange` hue.

danger (str):
    An accent color; commonly of a `red` hue.

light (str):
    An accent color.

dark (str):
    An accent color.

bg (str):
    Background color.

fg (str):
    Default text color.

selectfg (str):
    The color of selected text.

selectbg (str):
    The background color of selected text.

border (str):
    The color used for widget borders.

inputfg (str):
    The text color for input widgets.

inputbg (str):
    The text background color for input widgets.

active (str):
    An accent color.
Source code in src/ttkbootstrap/style.py 
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def __init__(
        self,
        primary,
        secondary,
        success,
        info,
        warning,
        danger,
        light,
        dark,
        bg,
        fg,
        selectbg,
        selectfg,
        border,
        inputfg,
        inputbg,
        active,
):
    """
    Parameters:

        primary (str):
            The primary theme color; used by default for all widgets.

        secondary (str):
            An accent color; commonly of a `grey` hue.

        success (str):
            An accent color; commonly of a `green` hue.

        info (str):
            An accent color; commonly of a `blue` hue.

        warning (str):
            An accent color; commonly of an `orange` hue.

        danger (str):
            An accent color; commonly of a `red` hue.

        light (str):
            An accent color.

        dark (str):
            An accent color.

        bg (str):
            Background color.

        fg (str):
            Default text color.

        selectfg (str):
            The color of selected text.

        selectbg (str):
            The background color of selected text.

        border (str):
            The color used for widget borders.

        inputfg (str):
            The text color for input widgets.

        inputbg (str):
            The text background color for input widgets.

        active (str):
            An accent color.
    """
    self.primary = primary
    self.secondary = secondary
    self.success = success
    self.info = info
    self.warning = warning
    self.danger = danger
    self.light = light
    self.dark = dark
    self.bg = bg
    self.fg = fg
    self.selectbg = selectbg
    self.selectfg = selectfg
    self.border = border
    self.inputfg = inputfg
    self.inputbg = inputbg
    self.active = active

get(color_label)

Lookup a color value from the color name

Parameters:

color_label (str):
    A color label corresponding to a class propery

Returns:

str:
    A hexadecimal color value.
Source code in src/ttkbootstrap/style.py 
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def get(self, color_label: str):
    """Lookup a color value from the color name

    Parameters:

        color_label (str):
            A color label corresponding to a class propery

    Returns:

        str:
            A hexadecimal color value.
    """
    return self.__dict__.get(color_label)

get_contrast_ration(lum1, lum2)

Calculate the contrast ratio between two luminance values.

Parameters:

Name Type Description Default
lum1 float

The first luminance value.

 required
lum2 float

The second luminance value.

 required

Returns:

Name Type Description
float

The contrast ratio.
Source code in src/ttkbootstrap/style.py 
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def get_contrast_ration(self, lum1, lum2):
    """Calculate the contrast ratio between two luminance values.

    Parameters:
        lum1 (float):
            The first luminance value.
        lum2 (float):
            The second luminance value.

    Returns:
        float:
            The contrast ratio.
    """
    if lum1 > lum2:
        return (lum1 + 0.05) / (lum2 + 0.05)
    else:
        return (lum2 + 0.05) / (lum1 + 0.05)

get_foreground(color_label)

Return the appropriate foreground color for the specified color_label.

Parameters:

Name Type Description Default
color_label str

A color label corresponding to a class property

 required

Returns:

Name Type Description
str

A hexadecimal color value for the foreground color.

Raises:

Type Description
TypeError

If the color_label is not a valid color property.
Source code in src/ttkbootstrap/style.py 
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def get_foreground(self, color_label):
    """Return the appropriate foreground color for the specified
    color_label.

    Parameters:
        color_label (str):
            A color label corresponding to a class property

    Returns:
        str:
            A hexadecimal color value for the foreground color.

    Raises:
        TypeError: If the color_label is not a valid color property.
    """
    if color_label == LIGHT:
        return self.dark
    elif color_label == DARK:
        return self.light

    if not Style().dynamic_foreground:
        return self.selectfg

    # dynamic foreground selection
    contrast_with_fg = self.get_contrast_ration(
        self.get_luminance(self.get(color_label)), self.get_luminance(self.fg)
    )
    contrast_with_selectfg = self.get_contrast_ration(
        self.get_luminance(self.get(color_label)), self.get_luminance(self.selectfg)
    )

    if contrast_with_fg > contrast_with_selectfg:
        return self.fg
    return self.selectfg

get_luminance(color)

Calculate the luminance of a color.

Parameters:

Name Type Description Default
color str

A hexadecimal color value.

 required

Returns: float: The luminance value of the color.

Source code in src/ttkbootstrap/style.py 
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def get_luminance(self, color):
    """Calculate the luminance of a color.

    Parameters:
        color (str):
            A hexadecimal color value.
    Returns:
        float:
            The luminance value of the color.
    """
    r, g, b = self.hex_to_rgb(color)

    # Convert RGB to linear RGB
    r = self._get_luminance_value(r)
    g = self._get_luminance_value(g)
    b = self._get_luminance_value(b)

    # Calculate luminance using the WCAG formula
    return 0.2126 * r + 0.7152 * g + 0.0722 * b

hex_to_rgb(color) staticmethod

Convert hexadecimal color to rgb color value

Parameters:

color (str):
    A hexadecimal color value

Returns:

tuple[int, int, int]:
    An rgb color value.
Source code in src/ttkbootstrap/style.py 
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@staticmethod
def hex_to_rgb(color: str):
    """Convert hexadecimal color to rgb color value

    Parameters:

        color (str):
            A hexadecimal color value

    Returns:

        tuple[int, int, int]:
            An rgb color value.
    """
    r, g, b = colorutils.color_to_rgb(color)
    return r / 255, g / 255, b / 255

label_iter() staticmethod

Iterate over all color label properties in the Color class

Returns:

iter:
    An iterator for color label names
Source code in src/ttkbootstrap/style.py 
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@staticmethod
def label_iter():
    """Iterate over all color label properties in the Color class

    Returns:

        iter:
            An iterator for color label names
    """
    return iter(
        [
            "primary",
            "secondary",
            "success",
            "info",
            "warning",
            "danger",
            "light",
            "dark",
            "bg",
            "fg",
            "selectbg",
            "selectfg",
            "border",
            "inputfg",
            "inputbg",
            "active",
        ]
    )

make_transparent(alpha, foreground, background='#ffffff') staticmethod

Simulate color transparency.

Parameters:

alpha (float):
    The amount of transparency; a number between 0 and 1.

foreground (str):
    The foreground color.

background (str):
    The background color.

Returns:

str:
    A hexadecimal color representing the "transparent" 
    version of the foreground color against the background 
    color.
Source code in src/ttkbootstrap/style.py 
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@staticmethod
def make_transparent(alpha, foreground, background='#ffffff'):
    """Simulate color transparency.

    Parameters:

        alpha (float):
            The amount of transparency; a number between 0 and 1.

        foreground (str):
            The foreground color.

        background (str):
            The background color.

    Returns:

        str:
            A hexadecimal color representing the "transparent" 
            version of the foreground color against the background 
            color.
    """
    fg = ImageColor.getrgb(foreground)
    bg = ImageColor.getrgb(background)
    rgb_float = [alpha * c1 + (1 - alpha) * c2 for (c1, c2) in zip(fg, bg)]
    rgb_int = [int(x) for x in rgb_float]
    return '#{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}'.format(*rgb_int)

rgb_to_hex(r, g, b) staticmethod

Convert rgb to hexadecimal color value

Parameters:

r (int):
    red

g (int):
    green

b (int):
    blue

Returns:

str:
    A hexadecimal color value
Source code in src/ttkbootstrap/style.py 
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@staticmethod
def rgb_to_hex(r: int, g: int, b: int):
    """Convert rgb to hexadecimal color value

    Parameters:

        r (int):
            red

        g (int):
            green

        b (int):
            blue

    Returns:

        str:
            A hexadecimal color value
    """
    r_ = int(r * 255)
    g_ = int(g * 255)
    b_ = int(b * 255)
    return colorutils.color_to_hex((r_, g_, b_))

rgb_to_hsv(r, g, b) staticmethod

Convert an rgb to hsv color value.

Parameters:

Name Type Description Default
r float

red

 required
g float

green

 required
b float

blue

 required

Returns:

Type Description

tuple[float, float, float]: The hsv color value.
Source code in src/ttkbootstrap/style.py 
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@staticmethod
def rgb_to_hsv(r, g, b):
    """Convert an rgb to hsv color value.

    Parameters:
        r (float):
            red
        g (float):
            green
        b (float):
            blue

    Returns:
        tuple[float, float, float]: The hsv color value.
    """
    return colorsys.rgb_to_hsv(r, g, b)

set(color_label, color_value)

Set a color property value. This does not update any existing widgets. Can also be used to create on-demand color properties that can be used in your program after creation.

Parameters:

color_label (str):
    The name of the color to be set (key)

color_value (str):
    A hexadecimal color value
Source code in src/ttkbootstrap/style.py 
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def set(self, color_label: str, color_value: str):
    """Set a color property value. This does not update any existing
    widgets. Can also be used to create on-demand color properties
    that can be used in your program after creation.

    Parameters:

        color_label (str):
            The name of the color to be set (key)

        color_value (str):
            A hexadecimal color value
    """
    self.__dict__[color_label] = color_value

update_hsv(color, hd=0, sd=0, vd=0) staticmethod

Modify the hue, saturation, and/or value of a given hex color value by specifying the delta.

Parameters:

color (str):
    A hexadecimal color value to adjust.

hd (float):
    % change in hue, _hue delta_.

sd (float):
    % change in saturation, _saturation delta_.

vd (float):
    % change in value, _value delta_.

Returns:

str:
    The resulting hexadecimal color value
Source code in src/ttkbootstrap/style.py 
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@staticmethod
def update_hsv(color, hd=0, sd=0, vd=0):
    """Modify the hue, saturation, and/or value of a given hex
    color value by specifying the _delta_.

    Parameters:

        color (str):
            A hexadecimal color value to adjust.

        hd (float):
            % change in hue, _hue delta_.

        sd (float):
            % change in saturation, _saturation delta_.

        vd (float):
            % change in value, _value delta_.

    Returns:

        str:
            The resulting hexadecimal color value
    """
    r, g, b = Colors.hex_to_rgb(color)
    h, s, v = colorsys.rgb_to_hsv(r, g, b)

    # hue
    if h * (1 + hd) > 1:
        h = 1
    elif h * (1 + hd) < 0:
        h = 0
    else:
        h *= 1 + hd

    # saturation
    if s * (1 + sd) > 1:
        s = 1
    elif s * (1 + sd) < 0:
        s = 0
    else:
        s *= 1 + sd

    # value
    if v * (1 + vd) > 1:
        v = 0.95
    elif v * (1 + vd) < 0.05:
        v = 0.05
    else:
        v *= 1 + vd

    r, g, b = colorsys.hsv_to_rgb(h, s, v)
    return Colors.rgb_to_hex(r, g, b)